The war between US an Iraq 2003 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The war between US an Iraq 2003 - Research Paper Example Different reports have likewise uncovered that because of the war, obligation reliefs have been offered to the nation and the nation has been discharged from the control of their despot Saddam Hussein. This paper will be a quantitative exploration paper with respondents from the Iraqi country picked arbitrarily across different domains in the area. Significant potential exploration discoveries for this paper incorporate the way that the Iraqi War has realized financial difficulties for the individuals, diminishing their work rates, and exacerbating their destitution status. The war has likewise caused a lot of political confusion through political infighting and major degenerate exercises by government authorities. At long last, it has additionally realized challenges in the conveyance of wellbeing, instructive, and social administrations to the individuals. On March 20, 2003, the world was observer to the subsequent inlet war with the attack of American soldiers in Iraq. War was propelled against Iraq on account of the latter’s asserted ownership of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) which were in evident infringement of its terms of give up in the wake of its Kuwaiti intrusion in the mid 1990s. Despite the fact that investigations by the UN on Iraqi weapons warehouses and military foundations yielded no WMDs, US knowledge reports demanded that Iraq was in control of such weapons. After a progression of bombed exchanges and after Iraq rejected UN assessments in the early months paving the way to the March attack, the US troops were sent into Iraq. In the days following the assault, the chase for Iraqi despot Saddam Hussein was additionally propelled and in December, 2003, he was at long last captured and accused of the execution of 148 Shi-ites in 1982. He was executed in December 2006 by hanging. Meanwhile, US troops kept on pos sessing Iraq with the sole motivation behind helping the break government in the administration of guerilla exercises in the nation. A similarity to a US-started progress

Discussion Questions Week 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Conversation Questions Week 2 - Essay Example The individuals who are traveling between employments can be remembered for this class. Frictional joblessness is that joblessness brought about by data or search costs. Normally when an individual stops, is terminated, or enters the work showcase, there are employments accessible for which that individual is qualified. The individual will be frictionally jobless on the grounds that it requires some investment (and exertion) to secure the positions that are accessible. The developing understudies after the finish of their investigations who are scanning for occupations (new contestants), and the individuals who are looking for preferred employments over the current one (Re-participants) can be viewed as frictionally jobless. Frictional joblessness results from the everyday changes in a dynamic, changing monetary framework in which old enterprises pass on and new ones are conceived, in which individuals become weary of old employments and old supervisors, in which managers look for some kind of employment of subordinates unacceptable, and in which new individuals enter and others reappear the work power. Frictional joblessness exists on the grounds that the two employments and laborers are heterogeneous, and a crisscross can result between the attributes of gracefully and request. Such a crisscross can be identified with aptitudes, installment, work time, area, mentality, taste, and a large number of different components. The administration can exhortation the understudies about the vocation possibilities and they can control them through appropriate directing. Appropriate vocation situated preparing and tutoring will help the understudies in achieving the ideal employments. The accessible employments can be advised to the activity searchers utilizing various methods and simultaneously the associations that have work opening ought to be e ducated about the accessible work power by the legislature. The biases about the occupations and the workers can be stayed away from through the mediation of the legislature. The legislature can likewise give motivations to the jobless. For this situation, the quantity of jobless specialists surpasses the quantity of occupation opportunities, so that if even all open employments were filled, a few laborers

Is Lena Dunhams First Book Worth $3.5 Million

Is Lena Dunhams First Book Worth $3.5 Million No. Its not. But thats the price reported in the NY Daily News. Dunhams book has the working title Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What Shes Learned,  and it is reported to include a humorous essays about her life as a 20-something woman. There are already comparisons between her book and Tina Feys  Bossypants, which was a runaway success and earned her every penny of a reported $5 million advance and Im sure the royalty checks keep coming. Random House is betting that Dunhams book will sell in equally impressive numbers. But it wont. I had never heard of Lena Dunham until last Friday. Im not that familiar with  Girls (though Id heard of it), and Ive never seen  Tiny Furniture. Im also over 30 (not very far over), so maybe thats to be expected. Im not sure. I have been familiar with Tina Feys work for quite a while now. When her book came out, I saw her name, and I stopped to take a look. Lots of people did. Dunham does not have the name recognition that will draw in readers (this point is explored more fully over at Forbes). Even if all of her 360,000+ Twitter followers buy a copy, she still wont hit the break-even mark. There is also the issue of her audience to consider.  It is assumed (and seems likely from where I sit) that this audience is made up of other 20-something women who will be able to identify with Dunhams experiences. Thats great when it comes to TV shows, but it is less great when it comes to books. This demographic is not exactly known for its book-buying power. The people who are more known for buying books are not going to be as interested. If she were a hot young novelist, maybe.  But Dunhams making her first book a book of essays. That just doesnt have the same commercial appeal no matter how funny it might end up being. Jenny Lawson (aka The Bloggess) exceeded expectations with her comedic memoir  Lets Pretend This Never Happened  earlier this year. Readers were already familiar with her writing, though, from her wildly popular blog, and they had gotten to know her fairly well before the book ever hit the stands. Had Dunham gone a similar route, I would have more faith in her. Twitter and a show on HBO are not, I think, enough. Im not saying that Dunham doesnt have a great book in her or that people wont buy it. I just dont think that enough people will buy it to make the $3.5+ million price tag worth it for Random House.  It also means that a lot of other authors, even established and respected ones, will not get put in print this next year. The money is gone, and I dont think that it went to the right place. What do you think? Does Dunham have the name recognition and the skill to wow readers and sell books? Or did Random House bet on the wrong book? Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

From Human Wrongs to Human Rights Many Novels - 1045 Words

Having human rights in place imposes certain obligations on the government and justifies the complaints of those whose rights and freedoms have not been respected. Everyone is entitled to human rights regardless of their nationality, gender, race, religion, or political opinion. The failure to recognize these rights results in conflict and a vicious cycle of violence as more human rights are violated. To avoid such clashes, human rights have become a fundamental part of global law and policy. However, they have not always been that way. Catastrophic events in history that claimed thousands of lives ran their vicious course before it was recognized that there had to be human rights established. The most famous example of genocide is the Holocaust, which killed around six million Jews. After the Holocaust, the United Nations recognized that there had to be human rights put into place. Two human rights from the United Nations’ â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights† t hat were perversely violated during the Holocaust are Article 5 (the protection against inhumane treatment or punishment) and Article 25 (the right to a standard of living.) Light is shed upon the exploitation of human rights during the Holocaust in both Night by Elie Wiesel and The Sunflower: On the Possibilities and Limits of Forgiveness by Simon Wiesenthal. The Holocaust was a devastating event that opened our eyes to just how cruel humans can be, and why human rights must be enforced and protected. Inside theShow MoreRelatedI Am Legend By Richard Matheson And R.u. R1351 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerning the distinction of right and wrong or good and bad behavior. While determining the difference between right and wrong may seem simple, morality is a complex idea that can be framed and developed in a number of different ways. The novels I Am Legend by Richard Matheson and R.U.R. by Karel ÄÅ'apek both examine the different ways in which moral beliefs can be developed and the possi ble implications of those beliefs. The method for critiquing morality within each of the two novels comes in the form ofRead MoreOrwell s 1984, By George Orwell1617 Words   |  7 Pagesinappropriate joke at the wrong time and place and then notice an elderly lady staring into your soul making you question your existence? Imagine a world where everything you said, did, or thought was discriminated and controlled not only by the old lady but the entire government. Correlating with the basis of being human, humanity is the building blocks of human life, which goes to show its importance, but what if the blocks were being taken away one by one? In the novel, 1984, by George Orwell,Read MoreApproaching Death1369 Words   |  6 Pagespunishment; many states still uphold this ancient practice. Thirty-two of the fifty states in the US still have capital punishment. With the death penalty such a controversial topic, there are bound to be pieces written on it. The books The Last Day of a Condemned Man and In Cold Blood, both narrators tell the tale of two criminals awaiting and serving out their punishment to a capital offence. While The Last Day of a Condemned Man is told in a first person view, In Cold Blood is told from a thirdRead More Comparing the Philosophies of Brave New World and Anthem Essay1179 Words   |  5 Pageshappen when mans sense of right and wrong is taken from him. In this essay, I hope to show how these seemingly unrelated novels both expound upon a single, very profound, idea.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before launching into the implications of these two novels, I believe a summary of the general human experience in each of the two societies is necessary. Brave New World illustrates a society in which science has been elevated to a god-like position. In this novel, human thoughts and actions are controlledRead More The Martian Chronicles, by Ray Bradbury Essays1235 Words   |  5 Pagesthese areas were finally freed from years of oppression, their society was left in shambles and much of their culture was destroyed. Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles explores this theme of imperial expansion as applied to the hypothetical situation of humans colonizing the planet Mars. In the novel, the humans who flock to the planet are portrayed as reckless beings with no care for their new home. They destroy ruins, clear the land, and rebuild a comfortable human society on Mars. The parallelsRead MoreWhy Were Governments Established?975 Word s   |  4 PagesWhy were governments established? There are many different answers to that question- the reasoning behind government. From my understanding most historians would agree a government exists to protect the rights of their people, as well as to protect the overall wealth of their people. While this may be common knowledge and a seemingly easy concept, some forms of government might contradict this idea of an objective government. An extraordinary author named George Orwell had this concept of an unjustRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Reflection736 Words   |  3 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird Reflection Written in the late 1950s to early 1960s, To Kill a Mockingbird in many ways reflects the state of its society. The Civil Rights Movement was occurring at the time, a fight for human freedom, extending the rights of full citizenship to individuals regardless of race, sex, or creed and the slowly emerging concept of equal rights for all. Although set in the 1930s, it has come to my attention that the book strongly mirrors it ¡Ã‚ ¯s context and was greatly influencedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1310 Words   |  6 Pagesheated topic of debate is if the novel is racist and if it should then be included in school curriculum whether. Many believe this book should be taken out of school curriculum for being racist. Huckleberry FInn should be taught in schools because of its satire, views on slavery and morals, and depiction of antebellum America. Huck Finn still remains a classic Twain s use of satire is one of the many things that makes this book a classic. By pointing out human weakness Twain helps show flawsRead MoreInate Evil to Kill a Mocking Bird and Lord of the Flies Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesThe capacity for humans to do good and evil portrayed in the novels To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and Lord of the Flies by William Golding (title subject to change) It is generally known that human beings have the power and the means to help and love one another as well as the complete opposite in hatred and destruction. These two novels deal with the theme of good vs. evil in their own respective ways. One concentrates on the affect of discrimination and negligence and naivety that allowsRead MoreAllusion, And Logos In Aldous Huxleys Brave New World762 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, Huxley includes allusion, ethos, and pathos to mock the wrongdoings of the people which causes physical and mental destruction in the society as a whole. The things that happened in the 1930’s plays a big contribution to the things that go on in the novel. The real world can never be looked at as a perfect place because that isnt possible. In this novel, Huxley informs us on how real life situations look in his eyes in a nonfictional world filled with

Should The Educated And Not Be Educated Essay - 920 Words

To Be or Not To Be Educated? Aristotle once said, â€Å"The educated differ from the uneducated as much as the living from the dead.† Throughout the course of human existence, education has always triumphed. But what is Education? It is derived from the Latin word educatio†, which means to bring up. Could life be prosperous and gratifying without â€Å"education†? To be educated is defined differently by different individuals. I define education as a field of study, the result produced from teaching, training, or learning, and the act or process of acquiring general knowledge, then developing the powers of reasoning and judgement from oneself or others intellectually for mature life, If it was not for education being a field of study, there would not be teachers. As a toddler, specifically kindergarten age, I was asked â€Å"What do you want to be when you grow up?† I replied enthusiastically saying, â€Å"A teacher of course.† At that age, sublimi nally, I knew I had to go to school and receive a degree in teaching in order to do so. It was not until I became an adult, I learned that in order to be an instructor of knowledge, I would have to major in Education rather than teaching as I previously believed. One would think after soaking in education for 12 plus years, that our knowledge of it is profound. There is more to education than what is viewed by a fledgling learning eye. One has to grasp essential techniques, diverse training and even reiterated on basic information to aShow MoreRelatedChildren With Intellectual Disabilities Should Be Educated1114 Words   |  5 PagesSummary Students with an intellectual disability have been educated separate from students in general education classrooms for quite some time. Over time, many countries have adopted children with intellectual disabilities being educated in the general education classrooms. However, major differences can be seen in the utilization of inclusive education not only across countries, but even across the same country. United Nations Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities support the ideaRead MoreShould Boys and Girls be Educated Together?460 Words   |  2 Pagesthen asks the children if they believe Heinz should be punished or if he did anything wrong. He was trying to prove that children as they grow older have different ideas about morals and what is â€Å"ok† and not â€Å"ok†. For my purposes I will be focusing on the gender specifications about how boys looked at Heinz and how girls looked at Heinz. For example most all of the children at in the preconventional morality phase believe that no exceptions Heinz should be punished and that is that. But as the childrenRead MoreEducation Threatens Society : Why Girls Should Not Be Educated917 Words   |  4 Pages Education Threatens Society: Why Girls Should not be Educated. A man that does the laundry, cooks dinner, cleans the house, and takes care of the children willingly, and everyday, while his wife sits and watches television after cracking opening a beer would be seen as quite odd in the current culture of the world. Humans have chosen the patriarchal path, therefore men are seen as superior to women and have been treated as such since the beginning of the human race. This superiority has womenRead MoreDiabetic Patients Should Be Educated About Diagnosis Of The Disease ( Powers )1730 Words   |  7 PagesBased upon analysis of existing scientific literature, the following ADA’s recommendations advised for all diabetic patients type 2—all patients should be educated about diagnosis of the disease (Powers, et. al, 2015). All treatment plans for diabetic patients should include education for nutrition therapy and physical. Other important education topics should be covered with individuals with diabetes type two are psychological conc erns, behavior change strategies (e.g., self-directed goal setting),Read MoreMale and Female High School Students Should be Educated in Separate Schools 1353 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategy for students at high school should be applied to obtain a successful education system, with a voice calling for providing the appropriate environment of education for both gender-students that assists them to concentrate better on their studies and eliminate all aspects of disruptions. Fulfilling such strategies would improve the quality of education at high schools and raise the range of obtaining high marks. However, should boys and girls be educated separately at high school in order toRead MoreShould Teachers Become More Educated And For Aid Them With The Most Effective?1307 Words   |  6 Pageslearning experience (Lawrence et al, 2012). However, this guideline has been written to help teachers become more educated and to aid them with the most effective strategies in improving the issue. Al so, many of the approaches cited in the guideline have been shaped by the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) but in addition, researcher Dr. Jillian Brown (2008) stated that students should widen their own beliefs and morals concerning cultural diversity rather than following the prevalent cultural viewsRead MoreWhat Is an Educated Filipino1418 Words   |  6 PagesSummary: What is an educated Filipino? -Francisco Benitez- What is an educated Filipino and what qualities should distinguish him today? The conception of education and of what an educated man is varies in response to fundamental changes in the details and aims of society. In our country and during this transitional stage in our national life, what are the qualities which an educated man should possess? Great changes have taken place in the nature of our social life during the last forty yearsRead MoreRefined Over Time : An Educated Person792 Words   |  4 Pagesrefined over time. An educated person doesn’t view education just as a school concept, rather, it is an idea that leaning will remain for a lifetime. Educated Person Essay There are several valued qualities that an educated person should possess. Before discussing these characteristics, I want to take a look at what the phrase, â€Å"educated person† means. Webster’s Dictionary defines â€Å"educated† as, â€Å"to develop mentally, morally, or aesthetically especially by instruction† (â€Å"Educate†, n.d.). ThereforeRead MoreSkills Of A Well Educated Person880 Words   |  4 Pagesa Well-Educated Person Even though a well-educated person is thought of as one who has extensive college education and attend the finest schools, a well-educated person can also be one who is educated with hands-on experience without a college degree. When referring to a person as well-educated it usually has to do more with formal education than informal education. When someone is describing a person as well-educated, consideration for both formal and informal types of education should be includedRead MoreBecoming A Future Oral Surgeon Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pageseducation is, one must be able to fully understand what qualities make a person educated. These qualities include: wanting to be educated, having the ability to look and hear through different perspectives, and have a purpose of bettering themselves with knowledge. As I mentioned before, the process of education is the retrieval of information. This procedure is for expanding one’s mind, making them a more independent and educated individual. Even though this is an accurate description, there must be a

Lab #7 Report Chemical Free Essays

Lab #7 Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to analyze known solutions of Ba(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 and Sr(NO3)2 (alkaline earths) and known solutions of NaBr, NaCl and NaI (halogens). Then we are given an unknown solution to determine what ions are present. Materials: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab #7 Report Chemical or any similar topic only for you Order Now Test tubes 2. Test tube holder 3. Pipet 4. 1 M H2SO4 5. 0. 1 M Na(NO3)2 6. 0. 1 M Ca(NO3)2 7. 1 M Na2CO3 8. 0. 25 M (NH4)2C2O4 9. 0. 1 M KIO3 10. Bromine water 11. Chlorine water 12. Iodine water 13. 0. 1 M NaCl 14. 0. 1 M NaBr 15. 0. 1 M NaI 16. Unknown (E) Methods: Alkaline Earths 1. Wash the test tubes of any residue 2. Add 12 drops of 1m H2SO4 to four test 3. Then add 12 drops of 0. 1m Ba(NO3)2 to one test tube containing 1M H2SO2 4. Add 12 drops of 0. 1m Ca(NO3)2 to another test tube containing 1M H2SO2 5. Add 12 drops of 0. 1m Mg(NO3)2 to another test tube containing 1M H2SO2 6. Add 12 drops of 0. 1m Sr(NO3)2 to the final test tube containing 1M H2SO2 7. Observe and take notes on the precipitate or the lack of precipitate in each reaction 8. Clean the test tubes after taking notes . Repeat the procedure, but now with 12 drops of 1m Na2CO3 in each test tube 10. Add 12 drops of 0. 1M Ca(NO3)2 to another test tube containing 1M Na2CO3 11. Add 12 drops of 0. 1M Mg(NO3)2 to another test tube containing 1M Na2CO3 12. Add 12 drops of 0. 1M Sr(NO3)2 to the final test tube containing 1M Na2CO3 13. Observe and take notes on the precipitate or the lack of precipitate in each reaction 14. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 15. Repeat the proce ss with 12 drops of 0. 25M (NH4)2C2O4 16. Observe and take notes on the precipitate or the lack of precipitate in each reaction 17. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 18. Repeat the process with 12 drops of 0. 1M KIO3 19. Observe and take notes on the precipitate or the lack of precipitate in each reaction 20. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 21. Repeat the process with 12 drops of unknown (E) 22. Observe and take notes on the precipitate or the lack of precipitate in each reaction and deduct if it’s Ba(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 or Sr(NO3)2. 23. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes Halogens 1. Place a few drops of bromine water into the test tube and add 12 drops of heptane and shake 2. Repeat the process with chlorine water and iodine water and note any color changes in each 3. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 4. Get three test tubes and add 12 drops of bromine water to each test tube with 12 drops of HEP 5. Add 12 drops of 0. 1M NaCl to the first test tube, 12 drops of 0. 1M NaBr to the second test tube and 12 drops of 0. 1M NaI to the third test tube 6. Note the color of each reaction 7. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes . Repeat the steps but with 12 drops of chlorine water in each test tube with 12 drops of HEP 9. Observe the color of each reaction 10. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 11. Repeat the steps but with 12 drops of iodine water in each test tube with 12 drops of HEP 12. Observe the color of each reaction 13. Clean the test tubes after taking the notes 14. Repeat the steps but with 12 drops of unknown (E) in each t est tube with 12 drops of HEP 15. Observe the color of each reaction and deduct if the unknown is either NaBr, NaCl or NaI Results: Alkaline | H2SO4| Na2CO3| (NH4)2C2O4| KIO3| Ba(NO3)2| Cloudy white| Very cloudy white| White precipitate sits on bottom| Tiny amounts of white precipitate| Ca(NO3)2| No reaction | Cloudy white| Cloudy white precipitate| No reaction| Mg(NO3)2| No reaction| White film on top| No reaction | No reaction| Sr(NO3)2| White precipitate on top| White cloudy solution with some white precipitate| Faint white cloudy foggy precipitate| Little amounts of tiny white precipitate| Unknown (E) | No reaction | White film on top| No reaction| No reaction| . Unknown Alkaline Earth: Mg(NO3)2 Reaction between Halogens and Halides | NaBr| NaCl| NaI| Unknown (E)| Bromine water| Light faint yellow| Golden yellow| Faint yellow tint| Light faint yellow| Chlorine water| Dark yellow amber | Colorless| Light yellow| Dark yellow amber| Iodine water| Light yellow tint| Dark red color| Light yellow| Light yellow tint| Unknown Halogen: NaBr Color of Halogens in solution | Br2| Cl2| I2| Water| Orangey-Brown| Colorless| Brown| HEP| Orange| Colorless| Purple | Conclusion: How to cite Lab #7 Report Chemical, Essay examples

Colonial America Essay Example For Students

Colonial America Essay Religious Freedom in colonial AmericaReligion was a very important part of everyday life in colonial America. Sometimes people were not allowed to question what they were taught, and if they did so they were punished accordingly. Before 1700 some colonies had more religious freedom then others. While others colonies only allowed religious freedom to a select group, others allowed religious freedom to all different kinds of religions. In the overall there was quite a bit of religious freedom in colonial AmericaFirst there is the colony or Rhode Island, which was started by a man, named Roger Williams in (1636). It did not become an official colony until (1644) when it then received a charter from Parliament. Williams welcomed every one; he guaranteed religious freedom to everyone even the Catholics and the Jews. Williams also granted religious freedom to the Quakers, even though his own views were very different from those of the Quakers. This was truly the most democratic of all of t he colonies. Williams did not demand mandatory attendance at services, or oaths regarding religious beliefs. Rhode Island was truly the first example of religious tolerance and freedom of opportunity. Second there is the colony or Pennsylvania (1681). Pennsylvania was founded by an English man named William Penn. At first, Pennsylvania guaranteed religious freedom to all residents of the colony. Later on however, London started giving William Penn severe pressure. So William Penn was forced to retract the original religious freedom laws, and then re-institute the laws with the change that all residents of Pennsylvania would have freedom of worship. These laws however were not re-instituted to the Catholics and Jews. Even though Catholics and Jews were deprived of freedom of worship. Pennsylvania was still democratic; it was founded for civil and religious freedom. People there had more freedoms in Pennsylvania then they would have if they lived in England. Rhode Island and Pennsylvania were examples of the two most democratic colonies of colonial America. Not all of the colonies were like this. For example, in (1629) non-separatists Puritans left from England and started a new colony called the Massachusetts Bay Colony. People who did not agree with their views were often banished. Anne Hutchinson was one of these people who were banished. She was banished because she argued against the Puritan belief of predestination. She had a trial and from there was forced out of the colony. Another person that was kicked out of the colony was a man named Roger Williams. Williams was exiled from the colony because he was found to have new and dangerous opinions that disagreed with already established Puritan beliefs. Also, men that were not a part of a Puritan congregation could not vote in provincial elections. Freedom in this colony was somewhat limited. Colonies of colonial America had different views when it came to religion, but they all had one thing in common. All of the colonies had to some extent, a certain amount of religious freedom. Some granted freedom of religion to all, while others granted religious freedom to a select group. But there was still a great deal of religious freedom in colonial America. Words/ Pages : 543 / 24

Crisis Communication in Asian Cultures

Abstract Crises communications vary from culture to culture. Most organisations have various methods of managing crises. Crisis communications can build or damage reputations of organisations depending on how crises communication teams handle crises.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Crisis Communication in Asian Cultures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Asian culture of handling communication varies from country to country. There are those Asian countries that have handled their crises poorly. In fact, they tend to hide information from the public in case of disaster. This is the case of Japan in handling its nuclear crises. Japanese also tends not to speculate. Instead, they want to give exact information. On the other hand, countries like China and Koreas have advanced crises management to include modern social media. Issues of cultural barriers such as language may hinder communication processes. H owever, the speaker must maintain consistency with his actions and words. There are aspects of crises communications that all cultures must take into account. These include operational, ethical, behavioural, and professionalism dimensions of crisis communications. In these cases, managing crisis must be prompt, and the public, stakeholders, or victims must hear the facts. An organisation should not communicate any unclear information to the public. This implies that adequate preparation is mandatory. This calls for regular practice in crises communications. Introduction Crisis is any â€Å"situation that threatens or could threaten to cause harm to people, property, seriously interrupt business, damage reputation, and or negatively affect shared values† (Abarquez 2010). Crisis communication deals with what is happening or what has just happened and people are anxiously waiting to hear the outcomes. These situations can be any kind of â€Å"legal disputes, theft, accidents, f ire, flood or manmade disasters that we can attribute to an organisation† (Abarquez 2010). It can also be a situation whereby an organisation did not respond to a â€Å"situation in appropriate fashion before the media or the general public† (Haddow 2010). Bernstein notes â€Å"effective crisis communications are not difficult, but they require advance work in order to minimise damage† (Abarquez 2010). Slow responses lead to a greater extent of damages. The Operation scope of Crisis Communication Crisis communication team must work at regaining the lost public confidence after the damage. This decision must aim at reducing the victims and community anguish. The aim should be to restore confidence and rebuild relationship. The move to do what the community expects will reduce media coverage and negative publicity. Organisations can reduce chances of possible lawsuits and negative publicity if they act promptly and appropriately.Advertising Looking for researc h paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The need for crisis communications is growing rapidly due the explosion and use of social networks, which are creating so many communication channels that are threats to risk and reputation of organisations. Kim notes that Asian organisations that in the past may have been reluctant to admit the extent of a crisis now realise â€Å"technology creates such a radical transparency, and it has become pointless to be defensive and try to dismiss issues† (Kim 2007). Instead, organisations find that it is profitable to be proactive and engage people with facts of the matter. Organisations have realised that Public Relations (PR) is no longer a tool for brand promotion, but also useful in reputation protection (Haddow 2010). Asian crisis communications landscape has changed significantly due to social media. This has forced PR officers to divert their attention to the use emerging technologies and social media platforms to handle crises. Most PR firms note that they use social media with assured confidence to handle crises. Most Asian organisations are changing fast to adopt social media for PR. However, there are some which are still in the previous era. Organisations that have progressed have also noticed that the culture of face-to-face communication is essential than using social media platforms to manage crises. Ethical Dimension The public expects organisations to act with conscience and reflect ethical standards in their communications. Organisations must provide public and prompt responses regarding the situation. Issues that involve ethical dilemmas and integrity usually involve â€Å"moral questions, reasoning, and feedback† (Low 2011). Some crises may offend public values. Consequently, the organisation that is responsible must swiftly act and provide the needed responses. The organisation crisis communication channel must have the moral courage to give appropriate responses. This implies that an organisation must act on matters of principles so as to lessen the negative consequences of a morally troublesome incidence.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Crisis Communication in Asian Cultures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Asia consists of countries of diversities in languages. As a result, it is challenging and equally necessary to master â€Å"the language and tone of crisis communications and management with regard to a highly sensitive crisis issues† (Low 2011). We must note that what may work in French may fail to produce the same result in English. This means that the communication team must tailor their responses and avoid direct translation for best results. Still, Asian languages are so different from English, which is a subject-centric language. Therefore, crisis communications must take into account the cultur al context of languages (Low 2011). Bob Pickard notes â€Å"in East Asia the transcendent importance of ‘face’ is such that companies are reluctant to engage in peer-to-peer communications with their communities online, with fear of losing control and thus face having the effect of dampening the kind of dialogue that might help defuse a crisis situation† (Kim 2007). In the West, lawyers are proactive in crisis communications, particularly where apologies are necessary. However, in the East, organisations easily apologise with disregard of the possible liability and lawsuit due to admission of guilt (Skoric 2007). In the recent crises, Japanese government have tended to avoid any alarming speculation. In this context, it is evident that Asians are not likely to speculate in cases of crises. Instead, they want to deal with the actual occurrences and communicate what they observe. This observation means that Asian cultures are more rigid than the Western cultures. I n the West, people tend to speculate and communicate possibilities and estimates rather than the actual data. Japan culture tends not to deviate from the data (Skoric 2007). The Professional scope of Crisis Communication Asian countries approaches to professional PR differ significantly. There are indications that Chinese government can handle crises in appropriate manners as shown during past incidences such as the Sichuan earthquake in 2008. However, Japanese government has not embraced the idea of PR and crisis communication seriously. China responds with different communication channels such as social media. In addition, Koreans show advanced use of modern technologies for crisis communications. Under most circumstances, we can only gauge the professional conduct of PR officials with those of the industry standards and practices. This is the basis for establishing the factual claims and extent of damages and the given communications. These pieces of information are usually avail able in the industry code books for professional communications.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Asian countries have the professional capacity to handle crises communications. However, these opportunities are only available among the global professional firms. It means local firms must update their approaches to PR issues and increase their participations as most of these firms experience challenges related to the development in the industry. At the same time, the industry critics have observed that there are a number of qualified trainers who offer the best services in PR. However, some of these professionals do not have the skills needed in crises communications especially in the social media. Behaviour dimension of Crisis Communication We can only look at the effects of behaviours after the crisis. Any traces of negative publicity show possibilities of unhelpful situations during the crisis. This can work against the industry reputation as well as the involved organisation; thus, it may prove difficult to rebuild credibility and trust, or preserve reputation. Cases that inv olve several victims may attract a great deal of negative publicity. This means that the organisation must find opportunities to engage in behaviour building pattern. Therefore, organisations must plan their crisis plans to work against â€Å"any anticipated negative publicity and reduce chances of negative behaviour patterns in crisis communication† (Athey and Moody-Williams, 2003). Some of the negative behaviours an organisation may plan to counteract include arrogance, lack of concerns, minimise victim needs, blame shifting, inappropriate language, inconsistency, inflammatory statements, inadequate preparation, minimise consequences, foregone opportunities to address authorities, the public, and victims, victims’ confusion, and unwillingness to admit responsibility (Athey and Moody-Williams, 2003). Asians are shifting their crisis communication cultures to full-scale digital communication. There are emerging digital crisis simulation trainings. These programmes pres ent trainees with real-life social media situations. Majorities agree that the best way to handle a crisis communication is to use speed factor. At the same time, the information presented must be accurate. Transparency and factual information are what define successful crisis communication. Thus, it is necessary for the communication team to verify facts of the matter before any communication occurs. The field and culture of crisis communication have changed. Skoric observes that crisis communications were â€Å"defensive and reactive, with holding statements used like protective shields for keeping critics away† (Skoric 2007). However, today, crisis communications have become proactive and aggressive. In this sense, the process involves all stakeholders with continuous communication from the beginning to the end (Sandoval and Lewis, 2002). Organisations which have been passive, in their approaches to crisis communications, have noted that remaining passive in a digital age is an outmoded approach that can only worsen the situation. Thus, it is necessary to engage people, listen and provide adequate information based on consultation for continuous improvement. Crisis communications also provide opportunities for organisations to showcase their best behaviours to the victims and the general public. Managing Victims Victims result in cases where organisations involuntary create enabling severe environments for people or institutions. Victims of a crisis tend to have certain mindsets and perceptions. They may also exhibit unpredictable behaviour patterns. The resulting conditions create victims of a crisis. The organisation that is a part of the crisis must identify the expectations of the crisis victims and respond promptly and in an appropriate manner (Grabel 2000). If an organisation avoids this, then the subsequent results might not be favourable as the already existing situation. Under some circumstances, victims tend to resist the best available alt ernatives or reasonable offers, engage the media to communicate emotional tales, or call for high-profile lawsuits. This process may also involve authorities, disgruntled former staff, lawyers, and current staff who may be present to confirm the victims’ claims. These are some of the few incidences an organisation’s crisis communications team must handle (Young 1997). Trust and Credibility Lukaszewski emphasises that people â€Å"confer credibility to firms based on their past behaviours† (Lukaszewski 1999). Organisations that have bad reputations due to past behaviours can suffer credibility test in the future. This is because people tend to use past experiences to predict future behaviours. Organisations may lose credibility when their current behaviours do not reflect their past good behaviours. People can only have trust in an organisation when there is a lack of fear. Fear occurs due to causes by once trusted parties. Fear is too a powerful emotion to contr ol. Some crises only require reduction of fear because there is nothing much to do. Thus, parties must attend to fear in order to avoid cases of frustration, anger, and retribution. Some scholars propose ways to build trust, eliminate fear, and fix credibility in behaviours. These methods include provision of advance information, asking for input, being flexible, staying in touch, speaking plain language, and including victims and participants in the decision-making process. Managing Crisis Communication It is necessary for organisations to plan to continue learning during responses and remedial actions to mitigate crises (Fearn-Banks 2010). Most organisations do not prefer borrowing from past experiences because most management teams do not like handling crises, particularly where urgency is necessary. Most cultures now tend to encourage organisations to express and discuss issues and lessons they have learnt from mistakes. This is a strategy of regaining public confidence (Coombs 2007). Organisations must plan to manage future crises. However, this depends on memories of the PR team. Organisations must learn that they cannot avoid most crises (Harvard Business School Press 2004). Thus, any lesson learned must teach the organisations how to â€Å"foresee, control, and reduce or possibly eliminate any future occurring or reoccurring crises† (Seeger, Sellnow and Ulmer, 2010). Some of the useful information organisations may use in crisis communications include ethics, compliance, or standards of conduct (Fink 2000). Others include observing events timeline, mastering the lessons learned, promoting open questions systems, considering operations issues, taking into account recovery issues, identifying relevant patterns from similar previous incidences, providing time for responses, mapping strategy gaps or failures, expecting surprises of both negative and positive nature, being ready for unintended outcomes, allowing time for visibility, and expecting to work outside the standard procedures. Promptly in Crisis Communication There is constant use of the term â€Å"promptly†. In any crisis management and communication, the term denotes â€Å"the strategic importance of acting quickly† (Lukaszewski 1999). Observers believe that it acceptable to act promptly and make mistakes than fail to act till it is too late, or attempts to act no longer bear any significant meaning. Winning and problem-solving skills in crises situations rely on swift decision-making, speed in reaction, action, and collaboration. There is also the idea of victims. James Lukaszewski notes â€Å"if there are no victims, there is no crisis, and victims are only people, animals, and living systems† (Lukaszewski 1999). Reference List Abarquez, Prosy. â€Å"Handling a crisis with leadership and effective communication (Part 1).† Asian Journal, (2010): 1-2. Athey, John and Williams Moody. â€Å"eveloping cultural competence in disaster mental health programs: Guiding principles and recommendations.† Cultural Competence, 3828, (2003): 30-34. Coombs, Timothy. Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2007. Fearn-Banks, Kathleen. Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach. New York: Routledge, 2010. Fink, Steven. Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable. London: Backinprint, 2000. Grabel, Ilene. â€Å"Identifying Risks, Preventing Crisis: Lessons from the Asian Crisis.† Journal of Economic Issues, 1 no. 2, (2000): 1-5. Haddow, George. Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2010. Harvard Business School Press. Crisis Management: Mastering the Skills to Prevent Disasters. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Kim, Kyum. â€Å"New and Old Media Uses and Political Engagement among Korean Adolescents.† Asian Journal of Communication, 17, no. 4 (2007): 342-361. Low, Yvonne Siew-Yo ong. â€Å"Communicating crisis: how culture influences image repair in Western and Asian governments.† Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16, no. 3 (2011): 218 – 242. Lukaszewski, James. â€Å"Seven Dimensions of Crisis Communication Management: A Strategic Analysis and Planning Model.† Ragan’s Communications Journal, 99, (1999): 1-8. Sandoval, Jonathan, and Shaffer Lewis. Cultural considerations in crisis intervention. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists, 2002. Seeger, Matthew, Timothy Sellnow and Robert Ulmer. Effective Crisis Communication: Moving From Crisis to Opportunity. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2010. Skoric, Marko. â€Å"Is Culture Destiny in Asia? A Story of a Tiger and a Lion.† Asian Journal of Communication, (2007): 396-415. Young, Marlene. The community crisis response team training manual (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: National Organisation for Victim Assistance, 1997. This research paper on Crisis Communication in Asian Cultures was written and submitted by user Elizabeth R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

SAT Historical Percentiles for 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, and 2011

SAT Historical Percentiles for 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, and 2011 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you took the SAT from 2011-2015, you may be wondering what your percentile score is on the SAT. Is a 1500 on the SAT in 2011 the same percentile score as a 1500 in 2015? Do percentile scores change over time? In this article, I will explain SAT percentile scores, how they change, and I'll provide the percentile scores for SAT combined scores and section scores for 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, and 2011. Note: Go to this article instead if you're looking for historical percentiles for the new SAT (tests taken March 2016 and later). What Are Percentile Scores? Percentile scores reveal how well you did in relation to other people. If you scored in the 99th percentile, then you did better than 99% of the people who took the test. If you scored in the 50th percentile, then you scored higher than 50% of the people who took the test. The College Board determines its percentile scores annually from the scores of college-bound high school seniors who took the SAT. The higher your percentile score, the better you did relative to other high school seniors. Do Percentile Scores Change? Generally, percentile scores for equivalent SAT scores stay the same from year to year. For example, a combined SAT score of 2180 was the 98th percentile in2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015. However, percentile scores for the same combined and section scores can change very slightly. A combined score of 1990 was the 92nd percentile for 2014, but it was the 93rd percentile in 2011-2013 and 2015. Similarly, a score of 630 on Critical Reading was the 86th percentile in 2011, 2013, 2014, and 2015, but it was the 87th percentile in 2012. The SAT does try to utilize its scoring system so that equivalent SAT scores are indicative of the same percentile scores and skill level, regardless of when the test was taken. The purpose of the SAT is to provide a valid way to compare students. A score of 1600 from March 2015 is supposed to be equivalent to a 1600 from April 2015 or April 2007. How Should You Use This Data and Why Is It Important? Your percentile score is the most straightforward way to determine if you got a good or badSAT score. If you scored higher than the majority of test-takers, then you did well. However, when you apply to a specific college, you're being compared to the other students who apply to that school. Most colleges publicize their 25th and 75th percentile SAT scores. If you want to be competitive for admission at a certain college, then your target score should be aroundthe school's 75th percentile score. Also, percentile scores help put your scores in context. There may not seem to be much difference between a 680 on the Critical Reading section and a 600 on Math, but the Critical Reading score is the 94th percentile while the Math score is the 75th (according to 2015 SAT percentiles). Raising each section score by 100 points would raise the Critical Reading percentile ranking by 5 points but the Math by 18. If you're considering retaking the SAT, your percentile scores can help you determine how you should prioritize your time. Similarly, a small composite score increase can have a huge impact on your percentile score if you received a middle score. For example, in 2015, a 1500 was the 52nd percentile but a 1750 was the 78th. Raising your score 250 points can raise your score from average to among the top 1/4 of test-takers. Finally, seeing the percentile scores for multiple years shows how little variance there is between percentile scores for the same SAT composite or section score in different years. If you're worried about how an older SAT score stacks up with more recent scores, take a look at these charts to get an idea of how it compares. Composite Score Percentiles, 2015 - 2011 Score 2015 Percentile 2014 Percentile 2013 Percentile 2012 Percentile 2011 Percentile 2400 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2390 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2380 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2370 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2360 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2350 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2340 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2330 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2320 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2310 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 2300 99 99 99+ 99 99+ 2290 99 99 99 99 99+ 2280 99 99 99 99 99 2270 99 99 99 99 99 2260 99 99 99 99 99 2250 99 99 99 99 99 2240 99 99 99 99 99 2230 99 99 99 99 99 2220 99 99 99 99 99 2210 98 98 98 99 99 2200 98 98 98 98 98 2190 98 98 98 98 98 2180 98 98 98 98 98 2170 98 98 98 98 98 2160 98 98 98 98 98 2150 97 97 97 97 98 2140 97 97 97 97 97 2130 97 97 97 97 97 2120 97 97 97 97 97 2110 97 96 97 97 97 2100 96 96 96 96 96 2090 96 96 96 96 96 2080 96 96 96 96 96 2070 95 95 95 96 96 2060 95 95 95 95 95 2050 95 95 95 95 95 2040 94 94 94 95 95 2030 94 94 94 94 94 2020 94 94 94 94 94 2010 93 93 93 93 93 2000 93 93 93 93 93 1990 93 92 93 93 93 1980 92 92 92 92 92 1970 92 92 92 92 92 1960 91 91 91 91 91 1950 91 91 91 91 91 1940 90 90 90 90 90 1930 90 90 90 90 90 1920 89 89 89 89 89 1910 89 89 89 89 89 1900 88 88 88 88 88 1890 88 87 88 88 88 1880 87 87 87 87 87 1870 87 86 86 87 86 1860 86 86 86 86 86 1850 85 85 85 85 85 1840 85 84 84 85 84 1830 84 84 84 84 84 1820 83 83 83 83 83 1810 83 82 82 82 82 1800 82 81 82 82 82 1790 81 81 81 81 81 1780 80 80 80 80 80 1770 80 79 79 79 79 1760 79 78 78 79 78 1750 78 77 78 78 78 1740 77 77 77 77 77 1730 76 76 76 76 76 1720 75 75 75 75 75 1710 74 74 74 74 74 1700 74 73 73 73 73 1690 73 72 72 72 72 1680 72 71 71 71 71 1670 71 70 70 70 70 1660 70 69 69 69 69 1650 69 68 68 68 68 1640 68 67 67 67 67 1630 67 66 66 66 66 1620 66 65 65 65 65 1610 65 64 64 64 64 1600 64 63 63 63 63 1590 62 62 62 62 62 1580 61 61 61 61 61 1570 60 60 60 60 59 1560 59 59 58 59 58 1550 58 57 57 57 57 1540 57 56 56 56 56 1530 56 55 55 55 55 1520 55 54 54 54 53 1510 53 53 52 53 52 1500 52 52 51 51 51 1490 51 50 50 50 50 1480 50 49 49 49 49 1470 49 48 48 48 47 1460 48 47 46 47 46 1450 46 46 45 45 45 1440 45 44 44 44 44 1430 44 43 43 43 42 1420 43 42 42 42 41 1410 42 41 40 40 40 1400 40 40 39 39 39 1390 39 38 38 38 38 1380 38 37 37 37 36 1370 37 36 36 36 35 1360 36 35 34 34 34 1350 34 34 33 33 33 1340 33 32 32 32 32 1330 32 31 31 31 30 1320 31 30 30 30 29 1310 30 29 29 29 28 1300 29 28 27 27 27 1290 28 27 26 26 26 1280 27 26 25 25 25 1270 26 25 24 24 24 1260 25 24 23 23 23 1250 24 23 22 22 22 1240 22 22 21 21 21 1230 22 21 20 20 20 1220 21 20 19 19 19 1210 20 19 18 18 18 1200 19 18 17 17 17 1190 18 17 17 16 16 1180 17 16 16 16 15 1170 16 15 15 15 14 1160 15 14 14 14 14 1150 14 14 13 13 13 1140 14 13 13 12 12 1130 13 12 12 11 11 1120 12 11 11 10 11 1110 12 11 11 10 10 1100 11 10 10 9 9 1090 10 10 9 9 9 1080 10 9 9 9 8 1070 9 8 8 8 8 1060 9 8 8 7 7 1050 8 7 7 7 7 1040 7 7 7 7 6 1030 7 6 6 6 6 1020 7 6 6 6 5 1010 6 6 5 5 5 1000 6 5 5 5 5 990 5 5 5 5 4 980 5 5 4 4 4 970 5 4 4 4 4 960 4 4 4 4 3 950 4 4 3 3 3 940 4 3 3 3 3 930 3 3 3 3 3 920 3 3 3 3 2 910 3 3 3 2 2 900 3 2 2 2 2 890 2 2 2 2 2 880 2 2 2 2 2 870 2 2 2 2 2 860 2 2 2 1 1 850 2 2 1 1 1 840 2 1 1 1 1 830 1 1 1 1 1 820 1 1 1 1 1 810 1 1 1 1 1 800 1 1 1 1 1 790 1 1 1 1 1 780 1 1 1 1 1 770 1 1 1 1- 1- 760 1 1 1- 1- 1- 750 1 1 1- 1- 1- 740 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 730 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 720 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 710 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 700 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 690 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 680 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 670 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 660 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 650 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 640 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 630 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 620 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 610 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 600 Section Score Percentiles Critical Reading Score 2015 Percentile 2014 Percentile 2013 Percentile 2012 Percentile 2011 Percentile 800 99 99 99 99+ 99+ 790 99 99 99 99 99 780 99 99 99 99 99 770 99 99 99 99 99 760 99 99 99 99 99 750 98 98 98 98 98 740 98 98 98 98 98 730 97 97 97 97 97 720 96 97 97 97 97 710 96 96 96 96 96 700 96 95 95 95 95 690 95 94 94 94 94 680 94 93 94 93 93 670 92 92 92 92 92 660 91 91 91 91 91 650 90 90 90 90 90 640 89 88 88 88 88 630 86 86 86 87 86 620 84 84 84 84 84 610 82 82 82 83 82 600 80 80 80 81 80 590 78 77 77 78 78 580 75 75 75 76 75 570 73 72 73 73 73 560 70 70 70 71 70 550 67 66 67 67 67 540 64 64 64 64 64 530 61 60 61 61 60 520 57 57 57 58 58 510 54 54 54 55 54 500 51 50 51 51 51 490 48 47 48 48 47 480 44 44 44 44 44 470 41 40 41 41 40 460 37 37 37 37 37 450 35 34 34 34 34 440 31 31 31 31 30 430 28 27 27 27 27 420 25 25 24 25 24 410 22 21 21 21 21 400 19 19 18 19 18 390 17 16 16 16 16 380 15 14 14 14 14 370 13 12 12 12 11 360 11 10 10 10 10 350 9 9 8 9 8 340 8 7 7 7 7 330 7 6 6 6 6 320 5 5 5 5 5 310 5 4 4 4 4 300 4 4 4 3 3 290 3 3 3 3 3 280 3 3 3 2 2 270 2 2 2 2 2 260 2 2 2 2 2 250 2 2 2 1 1 240 1 1 1 1 1 230 1 1 1 1 1 220 1 1 1 1 1 210 1 1 1 1 1 200 Math Score 2015 Percentile 2014 Percentile 2013 Percentile 2012 Percentile 2011 Percentile 800 99 99 99 99 99 790 99 99 99 99 99 780 99 99 99 98 99 770 98 98 98 98 98 760 97 97 97 97 98 750 97 97 97 97 97 740 96 96 96 96 96 730 95 95 96 96 96 720 95 95 95 95 95 710 94 94 94 94 94 700 93 93 93 93 93 690 92 91 92 92 92 680 90 90 90 90 90 670 89 88 89 89 89 660 87 87 87 87 87 650 86 85 85 85 86 640 84 83 83 83 84 630 82 82 81 82 82 620 80 79 79 80 80 610 77 77 77 78 77 600 75 75 75 74 75 590 73 73 73 72 73 580 71 70 70 70 70 570 68 67 67 67 67 560 66 64 65 64 64 550 62 62 62 62 62 540 59 59 58 58 58 530 56 55 55 55 55 520 53 52 52 52 52 510 50 49 48 49 48 500 46 45 45 45 46 490 44 42 42 42 41 480 41 40 38 39 38 470 37 36 35 35 36 460 34 33 32 32 32 450 31 30 29 29 29 440 28 27 26 26 26 430 25 24 23 23 23 420 22 21 21 21 20 410 19 19 18 18 17 400 17 16 16 16 15 390 15 14 14 13 13 380 13 12 12 11 11 370 11 10 10 10 10 360 9 9 9 8 8 350 8 7 7 7 7 340 7 6 6 6 6 330 6 5 5 5 5 320 5 4 4 4 4 310 4 3 3 3 3 300 3 3 3 2 2 290 2 2 2 2 2 280 2 2 2 2 2 270 1 1 1 1 1 260 1 1 1 1 1 250 1 1 1 1 1 240 1 1 1 1 1 230 1 1 1 1 1 220 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 210 1- 1- 1- 1- 1- 200 Writing Score 2015 Percentile 2014 Percentile 2013 Percentile 2012 Percentile 2011 Percentile 800 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 99+ 790 99 99 99 99 99 780 99 99 99 99 99 770 99 99 99 99 99 760 99 99 99 99 99 750 98 98 98 98 98 740 98 98 98 98 98 730 98 97 98 98 97 720 97 97 97 97 97 710 96 96 96 96 96 700 96 96 96 96 96 690 95 95 95 95 95 680 94 94 94 94 94 670 93 93 93 93 93 660 92 92 92 92 92 650 91 90 90 90 90 640 89 89 89 89 89 630 88 88 88 88 88 620 86 86 86 86 86 610 84 84 84 84 84 600 82 82 82 82 82 590 80 80 80 80 80 580 78 78 78 78 78 570 76 76 76 75 75 560 74 73 73 73 72 550 71 70 70 70 70 540 68 68 68 67 67 530 65 65 65 64 64 520 62 62 61 61 61 510 59 58 58 58 58 500 56 55 55 55 54 490 53 52 51 52 51 480 49 48 48 48 47 470 46 45 45 44 44 460 42 41 41 41 40 450 39 38 37 38 37 440 35 34 34 34 34 430 32 31 30 31 30 420 29 28 27 27 27 410 25 25 24 24 24 400 22 21 21 21 21 390 19 19 18 18 18 380 17 16 16 16 15 370 14 14 13 13 13 360 12 12 11 11 11 350 10 10 9 9 9 340 8 8 8 8 7 330 7 7 6 6 6 320 6 5 5 5 5 310 5 4 4 4 4 300 4 4 3 3 3 290 3 3 3 3 3 280 3 2 2 2 2 270 2 2 2 2 2 260 2 2 2 1 1 250 2 1 1 1 1 240 1 1 1 1 1 230 1 1 1 1 1 220 1 1 1 1 1 210 1 1 1 1 1- 200 What's Next? Check out these posts on what SAT scores measure and if you need SAT scores to transfer colleges. How do these compare to percentiles on the new SAT? Learn more about new SAT percentile ranks here. Finally, learn how to calculate your SAT score. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

U02d2 The Uninsured Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

U02d2 The Uninsured Problem - Essay Example It was noted that this number increased to 255.1 million in 2008, when compared to 253.4 million in 2007 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). c) The year has also shown the decline in use of private health insurances. It was noted that the health insurance from private providers has reduced from 202.0 million in 2007 to 201.0 million in 2008 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). d) The government health insurance saw a higher level of applicants and people have turned more towards the government insurance than the private. The year 2007 saw a total of 83.0 million while this increased to 87.4 million in 2008 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). e) As mentioned earlier the private insurances reduced a great extent. In 2007 the total percentage of people covered by the private insurances was around 67.5% which reduced to 66.7% in 2008 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). f) The employment based health insurances also saw a decline and it fell from 59.3% in 2007 to 58.5% in 2008. The number of people covered by health insurance for employment bases also decreased from 177.4 million in 2007 to 176.3 million in 2008 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). CNN has also presented a report which talks of the issue of uninsured. Here in an interview with Ron Pollack, the Executive Director of Families USA, stated, ‘The huge number of people without health coverage is worse than an epidemic’. He also went on to explain, ‘Inaction on health care reform in 2009 cannot be an option for the tens of millions of people who lack or lose health coverage each year ... the cost of doing nothing is too high’ (Pifer-Bixler, 2009). The report has also brought out more details of the issue of being uninsured. The report also states that, ‘Critics say the number of uninsured Americans cited in the Families USA report is misleading. "No one disagrees we have a problem with the uninsured," says Douglas Holtz-Eakin, who advised Sen. John McCain on domestic and economic policy during the 2008 election’

Chemical, Biological and Nuclear Agents and Incidents Research Paper

Chemical, Biological and Nuclear Agents and Incidents - Research Paper Example There are four types of classifying various hazards using a color-coding system, which are the following: Blue (for threats to health or physical injuries), Red (flammability), Yellow (reactivity) and last, White (water reactivity). A new classification which uses the symbol of a radioactive propeller has been added to indicate a material is radioactive. This paper tackles the common chemical, biological and nuclear agents deemed to be dangerous and common incidents involving them. Most of the hazardous materials (hazmat, for short) are essentially man-made although a few of these are naturally-occurring, such as certain types of anthrax and radioactive elements. The three major categories of hazmat agents are discussed individually, and incidents involving the same materials, such as accidents during transport and spills or leaks during production. Only some 39 elements as found in the Periodic Table of Elements are actually hazardous, the rest of the materials are the results of combining these elements into various mixtures and compounds which made them hazardous if these are not handled properly (Burke, 2003, p. 43). Chemicals – it is the U. S. Department of Transportation (DOT) that came up with the nine major classifications for hazardous chemicals that are now widely used. These classes are mostly explosives, compressed gases, flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, poisons, radioactive materials, corrosives and last, miscellaneous hazardous materials (OSU, 1997, p. 1). Industrial chemical compounds are often long-lasting (they take years and decades to degrade to be harmless) and find their way into water supplies, lakes, rivers and oceans and along the food chain. Research conducted eliminated smoking, drinking, lifestyle and diets as probable factors and the polluted environment is the most likely cause of many cancers (Steingraber, 1999,

PCR and Southern Blotting: Applications in Medicine

PCR and Southern Blotting: Applications in Medicine Introduction The 1970s introduced an inspirational technique in which a specific sequence could be determined from a sample of DNA via the process of Southern blotting. This method, named after Edwin Southern, provided the basis for a range of common laboratory techniques such as western blotting, eastern blotting and northern blotting [1]. Shortly after, in 1983, a revolutionary method was invented by Kary Mullis, called the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [2]. This procedure was originally used to amplify and identify DNA sequences in the human genome. Its use in genetic analysis was immediately recognised, as one of the first publications of its use was of prenatal diagnosis of sickle-cell anaemia [3]. Since then it has been manipulated and a whole array of techniques have been derived from this invention. Both PCR and Southern blotting have been used widely in understanding and identifying microbes which in turn assists the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from infectious diseases. PCR Procedure The sample of DNA is heated up to 90Â °C to separate the two strands of DNA thereby exposing the nucleotide bases on each strand. A primer is then annealed to each strand from the 5 region at around 60Â °C and the temperature is increased once more. The thermostable DNA polymerase enzyme, Taq, prevents contamination by binding free complementary base pairs to the original strand of DNA at temperatures up to 70Â °C. The strands are then cooled and double the amount of DNA is synthesised, and the cycle restarts until a sufficient amount of DNA is produced. Reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) is used when the original sample of RNA is transcribed so that DNA is the product of amplification. The sensitivity of PCR is great, as detection is from a single nucleotide base whilst its quantitative ability is derived from the proportional expansion of amplified DNA from its original size [5]. Southern Blot Procedure Southern blotting begins with a sample of DNA which is first broken up by a restriction endonuclease into smaller, varying fragments. The DNA is then placed into wells to undergo agarose gel electrophoresis where the fragments diffuse across a polarised field according to their size. The DNA is denatured by sodium hydroxide and transferred to a sheet of nitrocellulose or nylon and incubated with a hybridisation probe of single-stranded DNA. This radiolabelled probe binds to the exposed complementary base pairs and can be detected by autoradiography [6]. Southern Blotting Applications in Medical Microbiology Southern blotting is primarily used for DNA fingerprinting, gene sequencing and genetic engineering. It has been used in the identification of strains in microbes such as concluding the type of human papillomavirus extracted from a condyloma. However in this case it provided to be unreliable as it produced false-negatives, as PCR and in-situ hybridisation were deemed to be more efficient [7]. Another use of Southern blotting was in the detection of a strain of Listeria monocytogenes. In this study it was deemed an important technique in verifying species identification and in the characterisation of epidemic strains [8]. This method can be used to DNA fingerprint most microbes and determine a diagnosis and treatment for a patient suffering from their pathogenicity. However it is found to be too laborious, time consuming and requires large amounts of high quality DNA for most routine laboratories yet variations of this technique are still widely performed. The western blot, which uses antibodies as the probe to detect proteins instead of DNA, is a confirmatory test in the diagnosis of a human immune-deficiency virus(HIV) infection [9]. Since the established use of PCR there has become a decreased need for these laborious techniques in DNA sequencing [10]. PCR Applications in Medical Microbiology PCR can be used in detecting the genetic sequence of all microbes. It is useful in detecting organisms in early cultures where organisms are otherwise difficult to isolate, for example in enteroviruses RT-PCR is more sensitive than culture and the gold standard is detection of the this genome in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) by PCR [11]. PCR is also used in detecting genes encoding antibiotic resistance such as in Helicobacter pylori and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However its use is currently unsuitable for the diagnosis of H. pylori as clinical samples may contain inhibitors which can generate false-negatives10. PCR is used in quantifying the viral load of HIV within an infected person therefore determining the effectiveness of their treatment. The problem occurs when the genome sequence of the HIV changes therefore the PCR method needs to be altered and the current test would prove useless9. Currently immunoassays are used in the diagnosis of a HIV infection, however early in infection there is a variable period of time until anti-HIV antibodies can be detected and this provides a potential area of identification of the HIV by PCR [12]. Pitfalls of PCR include that the sample must be kept cold during storage and transport to the laboratory, the expertise required for analysing and interpreting results as well as standardising between different laboratories and finally the expensive cost of the procedure compared to available techniques9. Conclusion The applications for PCR and Southern blotting are enormous however they have limitations which prevent it from being routinely used in the diagnostic laboratory. With the advance of technology both are being developed, especially PCR, and have endless applications in medical microbiology.

Employment Laws and HRM Strategy Essay

Describe the scenario that you have selected and its corresponding employment laws. The human resource scenario the writer selected is the need for seasonal employees who may be from another country. Employment laws for the state of Mississippi will be a base used to solve this issue. Mississippi Wage and Hour Laws from the Employment Law Handbook insures that seasonal workers are provided with a minimum wage, meals and breaks, vacation, sick leave, severance and holidays. Mississippi currently does not have any state laws requiring or regulating these requests. Mississippi uses federal guidelines as a base for establishing employment laws. The federal law as of today requires a minimum wage of 7.25 dollars. The federal law for overtime is also followed by Mississippi. Meals and breaks according to federal law are not defined. Breaks taken by an employee that are less than twenty minutes must be paid and lunch breaks thirty minutes or more do not need to be paid as long as an employee can do whatever he or she likes during this period according to the Department of Labor. Vacation leave is determined to the employer since Mississippi legislature does not have any established guidelines on this matter. Sick leave, Severance pay and holidays are all determined by an employer in the state of Mississippi due to established laws in this state (Mississippi Wage and Hour Laws, 2012). In August of 2012 Mississippi held a committee meeting on immigration reform. Governor Phil Bryant wanted to reaffirm a law preventing undocumented immigrants from recovering public benefits. The Mississippi Senate will have to take into consideration the United States Supreme Court rulings and federal appeals when drafting Mississippi legislature for immigration laws. The Mississippi state immigration law would have to comply with E-Verify laws and constitutional laws are not violated. President Barack Obama passed a deportation deferral to immigrants earlier this year but states can pass their own immigration reform laws such as Arizona and Alabama (Cherry, 2012). The United States Department of Labor established an act called The Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act or (MSPA) in order to protect these types of workers. The act protects employment related migrant and seasonal workers. The MSPA ensures that each nonexempt farm contractor and agricultural seasonal association disclose their terms and conditions of employment to each migrant worker. The terms and conditions of employment must be explained to the migrant and seasonal worker at the time of recruitment (Department of Labor, 2012). The job must description must also explain worker protection, amount of wages due to a migrant worker and provide an itemized statement of earnings and deductions (Department of Labor, 2012). The Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act also guide housing and transportation. The federal guide line ensures that housing and transportation provided meets federal and state guidelines with proper licensure and insurance which is enforced by the wage and hour division. The federal guidelines require records must be kept for at least three years which includes name, permanent addresses and social security numbers (Department of Labor, 2012). The Fair Labor Standards Act or (FLSA) requires that workers on large farms are paid minimum wage but they are excluded from overtime premium pay. The FLSA prevents children under the age of sixteen from working during school hours and working certain jobs deemed too dangerous. Children that are employed on their families’ farm are exempt from the Fair Labor Standards Act (Department of Labor, 2012). The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) require employers that want to use foreign temporary workers with H-2A visas get a labor certificate from the Employment and Training Administration. The certificate ensures that there are not enough able, willing and qualified United State workers available to do the work. The Immigration and Nationality Act standard of the H-2A program is enforced by the wage and hour division (Department of Labor, 2012). Recommend a plan to manage the HRM situation within the confines of the law. Justify your approach to your scenario to HR management. The human resource management plan the writer recommends would be based on performance. Job performance and task performance represents what an employee contributes to an organization that employs them. Migrant workers would benefit from this type of grading system if the work performance is factory based. Task performance is the product of employees performing actions leading to the production of raw materials into goods and services. Studies have been performed to show job performance management provides feedback and measurement improves employee performance leading to better organizational performance (Stewart, Brown, 2011). The writer believes migrant workers may show citizenship behavior. Employees often show citizenship behavior by going the extra mile for the company, volunteering for special projects, following organizational procedures even if they are not convenient for the employee and defending the business where the employee works (Stewart, Brown, 2012). The writer would focus on counterproductive behavior before it starts. Counterproductive behavior is behavior from an employee that is harmful to a business. An employee can exhibit two types of counterproductive behavior: 1) production deviance 2) property deviance occurs when employee sabotage equipment, destroys materials and products and misuse expense accounts. The counterproductive behavior can also be extended to gossiping about coworkers and showing favoritism. The writer would create a manual of policies and procedures explaining how this behavior is prohibited and have disciplinary consequences set in place if this behavior is exhibited. The writer would not use performance appraisals as much. The main goal would be to give feedback to an employee and listen to any problems they may be having. State how a competitive advantage may be gained by ensuring HRM practices meet the necessary employment laws. A competitive advantage can be gained by ensuring human resource strategies are followed. A company must have an employee handbook, benefits package, job descriptions and a payroll system in place to ensure human resource strategies are at an advantage to the company. The steps above can be followed also to keep in compliance with legal employment issues. Laws and regulations are important to ensure equal rights to disabled worker, employment eligibility for migrant workers with the use of an I-9 form, drug screening and work place harassment. A competitive strategy can lead to effective human resource department and a successful business (Managing Employees, 2012). Speculate what might happen if the situation was not handled in accordance with the appropriate employment laws. A business that does not follow employment laws can face state and federal criminal charges. A business can avoid costly law suits by following laws to ensure employees are treated fairly. A company’s compliance can save money that would be used to repair a damaged reputation. Specific laws protect employees from immutable characteristics such as sex, race, age and religion. Characteristics such as tattoos, nose piercings and long hair are not covered by federal and state laws. State laws can set a basis by not discriminating against marital status or sexual orientation and may not conflict with federal laws. The writer speculates that if state and federal discrimination laws are broken a company can face many damaging hardships (Stewart, Brown, 2012). References Cherry, Daniel (2012). Lawmakers Gearing Up for Immigrant Reform Battle Retrieved from http:www.mpbonline.org on November 18, 2012 Stewart, G., Brown, K. (2011). Human resource management (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Managing Employees (2012). Retrieved from http:www.mississippi.org on November 18, 2012 Mississippi Wage and Hour Laws (2012). Employment Law Handbook, Retrieved from http:www.employmenthandbook.com on November 18, 2012 The Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection, (2012) Department of Labor Retrieved from http:www.dol.gov on November 18, 2012

The Developments in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

Nothing is constant for everything in the world is impermanent. Everything in this world eventually undergoes some form of change. As the world changes, the people also go through essential changes. Children suddenly grow into teenagers and the teenagers become adults. People grow old and the cycle goes on. Thus, various disciplines, such as psychology, categorize human life into several stages, which are determined by age. Each stage has its distinguishable characteristics that aim to describe the attributes of the particular group of individuals.Every person passes through each stage of life. This includes infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. People pass through every stage of development until they reach old age. Under each stage, they experience vital changes in the different aspects of their lives, including physical, cognitive, behavioral, and social aspects of development. Adolescence is considered one of the most crucial stages of the human life. It is the pivotal point where people search for their individuality and determine who they are.This is the reason why the term â€Å"teenage crisis† was developed, as adolescence is the period when a person goes through many significant changes physically, socially, and emotionally. Physical Development in Adolescence Adolescents include people under the age bracket of 13 to 18 years old. During this stage, people experience mixed emotions such as happiness and anxiety, as this the time when people outgrow their childish ways and start facing responsibilities. Puberty marks the biological and physiological maturation of one's body.Various changes could be seen in children who enter this transition. Growth is one of the changes a person experiences during the transition between childhood and adult life. In the case of girls, they begin to rapidly increase in height and achieve almost 98% of their full height at the age of 16. On the other hand, the boys’ period of rapid growth i s at the age of 13 until they reach 20. Many of the teenagers also tend to have a tall and lanky appearance. This is because the skeletal system outpaces the muscular system and the bones elongate while the muscles stay the same (Hatfield, 2007).Girls also go through a significant change during this stage. They start their menstrual cycle which signals readiness for pregnancy. Their breasts also start to develop, and they achieve adult appearance by the age of 16. Boys also achieve their adult appearance by the age of 16. Their muscle strength and coordination are well developed. Their voice also changes, which sometimes causes them embarrassment (Hatfield, 2007). Because of the sudden change in the body, there is also a change in the nutritional needs of adolescents.Since they are growing rapidly and engage in various activities, they need to have more energy and calories to complement in their hyped lifestyle. Teenagers also become aware of sexual changes and sexual maturity. They suddenly become curious in the aspect of sex and sexuality. Society's culture has a significant impact on the perception of adolescents toward sex. Sex is perceived differently in various cultures and this greatly influences adolescents’ developed view on sex. Sexual orientation is also developed during this stage.Adolescents begin to look for their self and establish their identity as they discover their taste and preference. There are various perspectives to describe the adolescence phase. For instance, parents see this stage as full of unsolicited outbursts and rebellious acts. Meanwhile, biological perspectives explain that the adolescence is a stage of turbulence that closely resembles the period when people evolved from savages to civilized beings. Cognitive Development in Adolescence During adolescence, people also experience vital developments in the cognitive aspect.Cognitive maturation includes a wide scope of newly found abilities and functions of the brain, such as the significant change from concrete to abstract thinking. This capability allows adolescents to draw logical conclusions in various situations (Sadock Kaplan, & Sadock, 2007). Jean Piaget also attempts to explain the changes in the cognitive aspect of an individual when he reaches adolescence. According to Piaget, adolescents enter the formal operational stage wherein their cognitive capacity develops, providing them with abstract and scientific thinking skills.Its difference with the concrete operational thinking in children is that children just see the plain reality. They are not concerned with the underlying problems. Adolescents tend to be more inquisitive and probing when it comes to dealing with problems. Statistical data show that about 40 to 60% of adults fail the Piaget's operational problems. This is because adults practice formal operational thinking in their field of expertise or in the field where they have extensive experience. Another reason is adolescents and ad ults do not always practice formal operational thinking.They tend to rely on their intuitive judgments and conclusions. Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence During adolescence, a person is bound to experience some psychological and emotional difficulties while passing through puberty and adolescence. Some of the adolescents develop difficulty in the transition, which includes fear and anxiety and sometimes cause deep depression. It also includes confusion, identity crisis, and anxiety. These things are a common experience during adolescence, and many adolescents do not know how to adapt and conform to the sudden changes.Nevertheless, there are some adolescents who still maintain vital and intimate relationships with others. Some of them are also easily adapt to the changes and develop a positive outlook towards their personal identity (McInerney, 2006). Erik Erikson was the first to discover that identity is one of the major premises that affect the individual's acquisiti on of healthy and productive adult life. The description of oneself, or identity, includes who a person is and what he or she values, his or her goals, and objectives in life. Erikson then developed a theory called identity versus identity confusion.The theory explains that fruitful outcomes during the early stages will render positive resolutions. Erickson also explained that adolescents may also experience identity crisis—a period of confusion and distress. Adolescents tend to explore alternatives before they draw a conclusion. Erikson also added that those who go through â€Å"soul searching† most often settle for a mature identity. There are various things that influence the development of identity. An individual’s identity is molded and shaped by these factors. Parents, peers, school and community are the factors that affect identity.Parental support and encouragement play significant roles in the formation of identity. Being welcomed to a group of peers bo osts people’s self-esteem and relatedness. Their school and community define the environment where they live which affects their attitude and behavior. Emerging Adulthood This period is not an extension of one's adolescence, nor is this the period of young adulthood. During this period, individuals experience less parental control and supervision and they engage in independent exploration. Young adulthood implies that a person is in the early stage of adulthood.Emerging adulthood is a transition after adolescence wherein one is too old to behave like a typical teenager but too young to assume an adult way of life and involve themselves sin adult issues such as marriage and rearing of children (Arnett, 2004). Emerging adulthood is a time when a lot of uncertainties and queries are supposed to be entertained in preparation for the real adult life. It is also considered as one of the most stressful times in one's life, which involve a period of constant exploration in education, jobs and partners. Emerging adults also devote their full attention on looking for alternative roles, values, and behavior.Thus, emerging adulthood is also a stage wherein many changes occur in one’s life. These changes include cognitive development beyond Piaget's formal operational stage. Emotional and social changes also occur during this period.Their attitudes and values widen, as they express interest in different kinds of new fields and accept ethnic and cultural diversity. Conclusion Adolescence is both an exciting and anxious stage in human life. During this stage, individuals experience abrupt changes and developments. They experience physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes in forming and defining individuality and personal identity.Emerging adulthood is the transition stage between adolescence and young adulthood. In this stage, individuals enjoy the carelessness in decision making. They are not truly engage in adult life. They explore different things l ike education, jobs, and intimate relationships. They also experience significant changes in the cognitive, social, and emotional aspects. All people go through the stages of the human life cycle. Individuals tend to be anxious and scared when they step into an unknown phase of life. Hence, people should take everything as a significant experience in their search for their real personal identity.ReferencesArnett, J.J. (2004). Emerging Adulthood: The Winding Road from the Late Teens Through the Twenties. Oxford: Oxford UP. Hatfield, N.T. (2007). Broadribb's Introductory Pediatric Nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. McInerney, D.M. (2006). Developmental Psychology for Teachers: An Applied Approach. Australia: Allen & Unwin. Sadock, B.J., Kaplan, H.I. & Sadock, V.A. (2007). Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Essay On Teen Depression - 1321 Words

Word count: 1108 Summary: Teen depression is a serious issue that plagues the nation. The 3rd leading cause of death for young adults and teens is suicide, which can often be the result of depression. Olivia Reardon is one such victim of teen depression. Beginning high school, Olivia was Captain of the lacross and field hockey team as well as an honors student. This all changed when Olivia turned 15. Her mother slowly began to notice the subtle signs of depression in her daughter. These included irritability, anger, and even rage. Olivia was in a dower mood often and had lost interest in things which normally excited her. She handled this by bottling up her emotions. She thought that this was her problem, and she didn’t need to bother her†¦show more content†¦Therapy is always the first line of defense. Depression is a physical illness that affects the mind just like appendicitis affects the body. The social stigma that surrounds mental health issues is a barrier that keeps patients from treat ment and is something we as a society have to address. If you have a firearm in your home and you are afraid your family member may be suffering from depression, secure it. It is of the utmost importance that the person afflicted does not have a means to harm themselves or others. If you wish to use holistic approaches to combat depression, they are best used to supplement medicine and therapy. Light therapy and vitamins are effective supplements. Response: I have a very close friend who has tried to take his own life after a battle with depression. One thing that I think is overlooked is the roles anxiety and internalization of emotion play in depression. Suicidal thoughts and actions are often induced by the desire to escape extreme anxiety by any means necessary. This is how my friend described it to me. He also said that he felt like a bother to everyone and that his perpetual existence was only a burden on his family. These thoughts combined into a perfect storm. Luckily, he reached out to his parents and was hospitalized for several days. Many of our close friends and I were shocked to find out about this turn of events. We had no idea he was going through this deep, dark depression. The amount of friends and familyShow MoreRelatedEssay on Teen Depression1653 Words   |  7 PagesClinical depression is capable of ruining the future. In a few years, teenagers will be moving up in the world and beginning their lives as contributin g members of society. Each one of them will have a job, and will encounter countless other individuals. The dilemma that the world faces is about 17% of teenagers will suffer from depression before they become adults (Canada). This impacts connections not only in the political/business world, but their personal lives and growth as well. 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